Sichuan dumplings with soy sauce caramel Essay Example for Free

Sichuan dumplings with soy sauce caramel Essay Rate this formula: 2,302207,4,1,0 2,302207,4,2,0 2,302207,4,3,0 2,302207,4,4,0 2,302207,4,5,0 17 votes Formula by: Rishi Desai Contestant Makes: 20 Fixings 2 cups (200g) soggy coconut drops or destroyed coconut 60g palm sugar, coarsely ground  ½ teaspoon ground cinnamon  ½ teaspoon ground cardamom  ½ teaspoon ground nutmeg 1 teaspoon Sichuan peppercorns 125ml ( ½ cup) milk 20 gow well coverings Vegetable oil, for fricasseeing 110g ( ½ cup) earthy colored sugar 250ml (1 cup) thickened cream 2 tablespoons dim soy sauce Add to Shopping List Technique 1. To make the filling, join coconut, palm sugar, cinnamon, cardamom, nutmeg, peppercorns and milk in a pan set over low warmth. Cook for around 5 minutes or until the palm sugar has liquefied, mixing regularly. Move blend to a blender and mix to a coarse glue. 2. Spot 1 tablespoon of filling into the center of a covering, and daintily brush edges with water. Utilizing your fingers, tenderly bring the edges of the covering together, pleating at stretches to seal, shaping dumplings with a level base. Rehash with outstanding filling and coverings. 3. In clumps if essential, place dumplings in an enormous liner container, sitting over a pan or wok scarcely loaded up with bubbling water. Steam for 10 minutes or until coverings are delicate. Expel and put aside on a plate fixed with preparing paper. 4. Warmth oil in an enormous skillet set over medium warmth. Cook the base of the dumplings for around 1-2 minutes or until brilliant earthy colored. 5. Then, to make the soy caramel, place earthy colored sugar, cream and soy sauce in a pot over low warmth. Bring to a stew, and cook for around 10 minutes or until a thick caramel. Move caramel to a container. 6. To serve, place wontons on a plate and present with soy sauce caramel. Print RecipeRecipe CardCreate PDF.

Ict Can Be Taught To Pupils Secondary Schools Education Essay Free Essays

The motivation behind this task is to occur out on how best ICT can be educated to understudies in optional schools. The boss point of convergence is on whether ICT ought to be instructed as ‘the theme ‘ or ‘in subjects ‘ . ‘ICT as the theme ‘ alludes to the guidance of the National Curriculum for ICT as an unmistakable subject. We will compose a custom exposition test on Ict Can Be Taught To Pupils Secondary Schools Education Essay or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now ‘ICT †in the themes ‘ alludes to ICT being utilized as a guidance and larning device in different points and that it being instructed through those subjects, Hawkins and Simons ( 2009 ) . Prior to going into the thing of the point of convergence of the task, I will quickly explain the foundation of guidance of ICT. The term Information and Communication Technology ( ICT ) was presented in the National Curricula of England and Wales ( DfEE, 1999 ) to determine sets of devices used to treat and pass on data. Before the introduction of ICT, Information Technology ( IT ) was utilized to delineate similar instruments. IT alluded to the use of data so as to run into human interest or point, especially in the worry universe, ( Kennewell, Parkinson and Tanner, 2007, p1 ) . Notwithstanding the footings used to delineate the apparatuses, the employments that emerge in auxiliary schools are connected to creating in educators, understudies and foundations the capacity and air to use instruments appropriately to order condition of affairss in which data is handled and conveyed. Preparing and pass oning data equivocation at the chest of guidance and procurement in optional schools, and proposes that ICT capacity ought to be cardinal to useful auxiliary guidance, ( Tanner, 2007 ) . In the previous five mature ages at that spot has been a moderate yet consistent advancement in understudies ‘ achievements in ICT ability, the quality and model of guidance, and the main and bearing of ICT. The integral utilization of ICT across subjects, by the by, has been delayed to create and is lopsided across schools and themes. The useful harmony between the guidance of ICT achievements, discernment and dread on the one manus and the use of these as segment of larning across themes on the different manus stays a hard and tricky end for the greater part of schools. ( DfES, 2004 ) . Blending to Hawkins and Simmons, ( 2009 ) , the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority ( QCA ) made an all-inclusive crowd and research preceding the printing the new optional National Curriculum ( QCA, 2007 ) . At the point when they contrasted it with the old National Curriculum Program of Study for ICT ( DfEE, 1999 ) , they found that there are no significant modifications to substance and build instructed. The national course of study is organized around projects of review for the subjects secured by the National course of study. ICT has a particular program of review which explains what ought to be educated all through the school mature ages, including Key stages 3 and 4 for mature ages 7 and 9 and mature ages 10 and 11 severally. During the National Curriculum reappraisal, the QCA made crowds of various partners which included understudies, guardians, teachers and businesses. Their discoveries presumed that juvenile individuals should go fruitful researchers who appreciate lar ning, do progression and accomplish. They ought to go certain people who can take sheltered, sound and satisfying lives. They ought to other than be residents who make a positive part to society. ( Waters, 2007, 2008 ) . To sum up the abovementioned, schools ought to get familiar with the National Curriculum program of review for ICT and give understudies opportunities to utilize and create ICT capacity over the course of study. Understudies ‘ ICT capacity can just be applied and created in subjects on the off chance that it has been educated practically in the principal topographic point. The National Curriculum for ICT sets out the ICT capacity that should be educated. The Key Stage 3 National Strategy gives expound counsel, through the distribution, the Framework for learning ICT capacity: Old ages 7, 8 and 9 ( DfES 0321/2002 ) , and test learning units, on how this might be accomplished. It suggests that ICT be instructed as an unmistakable subject so that the ensuing ICT capacity can be applied and grown effectually in all points. In the event that the ICT strand of the Key Stage 3 National Strategy has been executed effectively so understudies will pass on a sound level of ICT capacity to other able exercises. Understudies will non require to be encouraged the ICT however will have the option to ‘apply and create ‘ ICT to travel securing in different subjects frontward. This will gracefully competent teachers with additional viewpoints and chances for learning and larning in their subject. Moreover, there is an away from between the use of ICT and guidance of ICT. Basically using ICT in an exercise does non needfully gracefully larning possibilities for the supporting builds: it will non ever build and create ability. In any case, there are a few people who contend that on the grounds that ICT is utilized in different themes and that it is being instructed through those points. Ordinarily this utilization assists with reenforcing the obtaining which has just taken topographic point in an ICT exercise rather than introducing new ICT develops. Educators of different subjects are, fairly obviously, focussed on their able nation, non on ICT learning. To clear up this all the more unmistakably, we can consider the to be of English as a representation. English is spoken and tuned in to in each skilled nation, yet the authenticity of learning English as an unmistakable point is ne’er called into request by any 1. This hence infers there are different develops and metho ds which require an able specializer and devoted course of study clasp to be investigated. The equivalent applies to ICT, ( Hawkins and Simmons, 2009, p9 ) . In add-on to the abovementioned, ICT capacity includes capable and intellectual capability to dish, utilization, create, make and impart data appropriately, using ICT apparatuses. Students exhibit this ability by utilizing designing deliberately to work out employments, examine and trade data, create contemplations, make hypothetical records and control gadgets. They are know aparting in their utilization of data and ICT devices, and precise in reevaluating and estimating the part that ICT can accomplish to their work as it advances. ICT ability is a lot more extensive than geting a lot of capable skills in bundle applications, albeit plainly these are of import. ICT capacity includes the suitable decision, use and rating of ICT. As an outcome, understudies need to cognize what ICT is accessible, when to use it and why it is suitable for the endeavor. For case, when understudies are making an introduction, they utilize their ICT ability to pick proper bundle, see fittingness for plan and lucifer substance and way to a given crowd, pull stringsing informations to demonstrate a theory, or coordinating sound and picture into an introduction to include criticalness and effect. It is of import to rehash that, whatever the level of ICT capacity applied, it must increase the value of learning and larning in the point. It is of import that exercises are non driven by bundle or building however are centered around clear points in the theme, where ICT is utilized as a vehicle to back up achievement of those points and to uplift guidance and obtaining in all subjects. The finding for this in this way is the way that understudies will come to competent exercises with standpoints about how they may utilize ICT to travel their ain obtaining frontward. Proficient educators will non require to learn ICT ability yet can work new possibilities for understudies to utilize and build up the capacity that they as of now have, to uplift their procurement in points. Thusly, the point of convergence of the exercise remains immovably established in the theme and teachers are non troubled with the interest to learn ICT, ( DfES, 2004 ) . In add-on to the abovementioned, there are reasonings for competent teachers, in that they will require a decent anxiety of the completeness of ICT capacity that understudies have been educated and will pass on their exercise. Instructors will other than require to cognize which parts of ICT ability offer significant possibilities for learning and larning in their ain subject and how they can be fused into bing procedures of work. Moreover, the use of ICT requests to be intentional and to increase the value of the guidance and obtaining of the point and ought to non be seen simply as a jolt on. It should be deliberately incorporated into the proficient exercises, with an unmistakable standard for its use, ( DfES, 2004 ) . This is bolstered by Kennewell et Al. ( 2000, pp8-9 ) , where he considers ICT as various in nature. He affirms that ICT might be seen as Key achievements, which like proficiency and numeracy, supports larning in an extent of competent nations. He proceeds to take a gander at ICT as a Resource, which ought to be utilized by schools to back up and broaden the idea of guidance and obtaining over the course of study. Kennewell other than views ICT as a subject on its ain like English, Mathematics, or Geography with its ain trademark signifiers of cognizance, achievement and trepidation. To add on to the abovementioned, understudies ‘ capacity to utilize their ICT ability over the course of study is for the most part reliant on the strong guidance and securing of ICT in the main topographic point. Understudies ‘ utilization of ICT in different points might be uneffective in the event that they do non as of now have a fitting degree and misgiving of ICT capacity. This may result in an insufficiency of progression in both ICT and the competent nation. For delineation, asking understudies to deliver an introduction in a given point will be ineffective in the event that they have little understanding of using

Gary

Gary Gary, city (1990 pop. 116,646), Lake co., NW Ind., a port of entry on Lake Michigan; inc. 1909. Gary was founded by the U.S. Steel Corporation, which purchased the land in 1905 and landscaped it for a city. In 1908 the first blast furnace was lit to begin the vast lakefront steel complex that was to dominate U.S. steel production and become one of the world's greatest steel centers. Gary steelworkers were especially active in the nationwide steel strike of 1919, when federal troops occupied the city for several months. In the 1970s and 80s the city's steel industry declined dramatically, leading to large-scale plant closings and high unemployment. There is still some iron and steel processing, Manufactures also include tin, steel, and paper products; beverages; medical supplies; consumer and dairy goods; and apparel. Indiana Univ. Northwest is in Gary. The city has an airport and a civic center, and the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore is nearby (see National Parks and Monuments ( table)). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

Teenage Parents And Rape Adolescence Friendship And...

Teen Live-streamed Her Friends’ Rape: Adolescence Friendship and Bullying Even though people may think that teens are still children, but they are much maturer than we might imagine and can do things that people may never expect them to do. In a recent Broadly report (Kazdin, 2016), I read that on February 27, 2016, Marina Lonina, who was 18 at that time, live streamed her friend being raped by a 29-years-old man on Periscope app. She didn’t call the police and she claimed that she was doing it to stop the incident, but later was â€Å"caught up by the likes† so she couldn’t stop. Both the man and Lonina were charged of kidnapping, rape, sexual battery, and pandering sexually oriented matter involving a minor. It makes me wonder what does the adolescents friendship and aggression like and why does this kind of horrible things happen to them. In the developmental psychology book Infants, Chidren and Adolescents(Berkins, 2011), there are some details about adolescents friendship that I found useful to comprehend a broad idea of it. Adolescents friendships are becoming more important to them than earlier life stages, because of the more time they spend with their peers. Three were mentioned when adolescents were being asked what is the meaning of friendship. Those are: Intimacy, which is feeling psychological close, mutual understanding, which is the common understanding of each other’s beliefs and loyalty, which is not abandon others and stay close. According to theseShow MoreRelatedSublimation Mechanism of Psychoanalytical Counselling Theory as a Tool for Addressing Juvenile Delinquency in Secondary Schools in Nigeria4142 Words   |  17 Pagesdealing with juvenile delinquency, and to stimulate the counsellor’s creativity in designing programmes that will serve as alternative outlets for available sexual and aggressive energies in adolescence to prevent them from channeling this sexual and aggressive energies directly into delinquent behaviours like rape, sexual harassment, vandalization of property, fighting, armed robbery, terrorism etc. The paper is therefore tailored to address the following: * Who is a juvenile delinquent? * WhatRead MoreChild Development 1-199854 Words   |  40 Pagesyear intellectual development is largely to do with association of sounds and people. They notice more of what is happening around them and are able to hold objects with greater ease. Social, emotional and behavioural 3 Months * Stares at the parent/carer whilst being fed. * A happy and positive reaction to familiar situations. * They enjoy routine, for instance bath time. * The child begins to smile and show other types of facial expressions. * They recognise and show excitementRead MoreSubstance Abuse15082 Words   |  61 Pagesspouses in relation to their own needs and desires, but must also make major decisions which affect the lines of their children Ironically, it is not until the spouse is abusing the children, or the children have reached the expressive age of adolescence and urge them to leave, will a decision be made to abandon the relationship. Many abused women have no employable skills, and few resources. Often, they see no hope, or have no idea how to survive in the world independent of their husbands financial

Education A Country s Civilization Depends Upon The...

â€Å"The claim of a country’s civilization depends upon the treatment to the minorities† - Mahatma Gandhi. India in its globalization era boasting about its nuclear power and information technology cannot deny the harsh realities of poverty, unemployment, over population, hunger, illiteracy etc. education is still continuing to be a luxury even for the middle class. Education plays a catalytic role in socio economic development of a country, education is not only an economic variable but is also socio economic variable. Education is the principal tool of social, development and unless all societies are provided with the right for of education, adequate in quantity and quality, it will not be possible to tackle satisfactorily the problems of†¦show more content†¦Any democratic society where such a large number of people are steeped in illiteracy, poverty and backwardness is doomed to disaster. Such a large percentage of backward people will be a milestone round the neck of the nation and their backwardness will impede progress of all. This fact of educational and economic backwardness of the Muslims has been conclusively established in several reports and surveys. The Gopal Singh Report, the Reports of 43rd Round and the 55th Round of the National Sample Survey and the Programme for Action under the New Education Policy of 1986 clearly show that the Muslim minority is educationally most backward segment of the nation. Backwardness is circular in nature. If a community is educationally backward, it also becomes economically backward and the economic backwardness leads to social backwardness which in turn reinforces educational backwardness. Education is one of the principal means available to foster deeper and more harmonious form of human development and thereby reduce poverty, exclusion, ignorance and oppression. It refines sensitivities and perceptions that contribute to national cohesion, a scientific temper and independence of mind and spirit, thus furthering the goals of socialism, secularism and democracy enshrined in our constitution. EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF MUSLIMS IN INDIA: Poverty and education have a well established

Ikea Advertising Appeals Free Essays

STUDY ABOUT 360-DEGREE EVALUATION: THE PROS AND CONS OF MULTI-SOURCE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL INTRODUCTION: In an organization employees are the important asset and play a significant role in the progress of an organization. Nowadays firms usually focus on the human capital in the form of the employees by giving them training, assisting them in career development and also work on performance management in order to keep the employees motivated and dedicated by giving them feedback through performance appraisals. Through these performance appraisals the employees are informed about their strengths that they can enhance and about their weaknesses that they can improve in the future. We will write a custom essay sample on Ikea Advertising Appeals or any similar topic only for you Order Now Multi-source performance appraisal or 360-degree evaluation is basically a process in which the feedback is collected from different people that interacts with employee like his supervisors, coworkers, bosses, can be stakeholders etc. It is an important tool for Human Resource Management as the feedback is collected through the questionnaires in which the employees are asked to rate the particular employee in his performance and behavior. Its main purpose is to provide a healthy feedback to the employee that can highlight his strong and weak points and also helps in the development and the training of the employee. The feedback that is collected from different people is discussed between the manager and the particular employee. In this performance appraisal method the identity of a person who is filling the survey form is not shared with that particular employee. It also gives an impression to the employee that what other people think of him as in traditional appraisal method only the supervisor of particular employee gives the feedback about his performance but now due to involvement of people from different departments and different levels make the assessment less subjective and may be more accurate and honest. If one person says something about the employee then their can be chances of biasness but if many people says the same thing and without the influence of someone then we can say that their might be something wrong or something good about that particular person. As nothing is perfect in this world, which means that there are some pros and cons of 360 degree evaluation method. This paper highlights the advantages and disadvantages of multi-source performance appraisal and also mentions some recommendation that can be used while implementing this performance appraisal method. The main importance is given on the pros and cons of this method that can help the organization to decide whether to continue with the traditional appraisal method or to go with 360-degree evaluation method. ANALYSIS: The multi-source performance appraisal method plays a vital role for employees. It makes the employees to think about their attitude and behavior and about others perception about them. It also identifies the areas in which a particular employee performed well and also where he could not come up to the expectations. There are a lot of advantages and disadvantages of multi-source performance appraisal which are as follows: ?Advantages of Multi-Source Performance Appraisal Method: The main advantage of this method is that it provides feedback from different levels of organization and it is not restricted to supervisor or the manager as in the traditional performance appraisal method, as shown in the Appendix-I. In this method the employee is the centre of attention of all the people and the main goal of this method is to make the performance of that employee better than before as shown in Appendix-II. Due to the use of rating from different people, 360 degree evaluation method enhances the quality of the performance procedures and gives a detailed view. This method is useful to the supervisor as it can provide more authentic assessment of the performance of the employee and can help to eradicate the chances of biasness due to which it becomes easier for the supervisor to come to a certain conclusion related to that particular worker. Another advantage of this method is that through this feedback the top managers can make decisions related to the promotion or sometimes extermination of an employee. It also helps to highlight those areas in which the employee can be trained and it is also beneficial in the employee development. This appraisal method can be beneficial for those people who are in inferiority complex and underestimate themselves, to change their mindset and remain motivated after getting a positive feedback from their co-workers, bosses etc. One of the major benefits of this method is that it reduces the chance of discrimination as the feedback is collected from a very diverse group of individuals. It is an important tool to bring a change in the performance of an employee that result in organizational effectiveness. It is also beneficial in making the performance of the employee parallel with business values. Customer service may be improved by the front line employees by getting feedback from the customers through this method as this provide the opportunity to the employees to think on those areas where they are not performing well. Due to above advantages of multi-source performance appraisal method many big companies like Johnson and Johnson Limited, IBM , Xerox etc. se this method and are very successful in today’s competitive world as this method is more accurate and gives more reliable information than the traditional performance appraisal methods. ?Disadvantages of Multi-Source Performance Appraisal Method: This method had a lot of advantages but there are some disadvantages that may create doubt of whether to opt for this method or not. This method is quite comp lex and time taking and also very costly as it involves a lot of hassle to make the survey form filled from different people and conclude the ratings. This method can be dangerous and can produce very destructive results if it is not conducted properly and also if it is not done correctly then it can become a huge waste of time. This process can become difficult to handle and manage if there are too many people involved. One of the major disadvantages is that sometimes there are questionnaires in which the comments are not clearly understandable and needs some further explanation from those people who filled that form but due to anonymous feedback it is extremely difficult to trace out those people as a result of whom the results may not be so accurate or authentic. Human beings are major part of this method as every individual have personal preferences so there are chances that some people may rank a person in such a way so that an employee looks good or sometimes bad and may also some people got together and form a group and gave evaluation in favor or against of someone. This will probably occur in those conditions when there is no proper checking or supervision that how the questionnaires are being filled. RECOMMENDATIONS: Due to disadvantages of this method it can be difficult for an organization to select this performance appraisal method. So there are some recommendations that can help to control the pitfalls of this method. 360-degree evaluation method should be conducted carefully so that accurate results could be obtained. The managers who are supervising this whole procedure should identify those areas on which they want to collect information for a particular employee like questions related to leadership skills may be asked, or may be related to employee behavior with his subordinates etc. It should also be considered that the questionnaire should not be so long that it consumes a lot of time and the employees utilize most of their work time in filling the survey form. Employees should be trained in such a way that the people who are giving the feedback remain positive and practical rather than considering personal grudges and also those who received the feedback should take it in a constructive way even if it indicates some of the weaknesses of an employee. An employee can be given an option to choose the people from whom feedback he wants but the management has to make sure that they are not his friends or not so close to him. The manager or the supervisor who will communicate the feedback to the particular employee should deal him like a psychologist and should have some training that how to share the feedback with the employee so that he does not react very badly and not become demotivated from the feedback. There are some people who do not want to change themselves so if the appraisal is related to those employees then the supervisor should be careful in communicating the feedback and also try to share the feedback in such a way that he tries to change himself. The identities of the appraisers remain confidential but there should be some source of identification through which the management can identify the person if there is some problem in understanding the comments in their filled form. The employee whose performance is being measured should be treated with great respect and esteem. As the world is changing with the evolution of information technology and organizations are improving their technology in order to remain competitive, this performance appraisal method should be moved from the paper to the computerized system. Software should be installed in order to get online feedback of the multi-source performance appraisal, in this way employees can fill the form online and it will reduce the hassle and also lessen the time of conducting whole procedure. The feedback system should be aligned with the culture of an organization and also the rating instruments should be reliable so that accurate results could be obtained. CONCLUSION: The 360-degree feedback is used by many organizations as this process has become very famous in today’s’ world. This method involves the feedback from different people which can make the feedback more reliable and authentic. Due to a lot of popularity of this method many organizations are now trying to adapt this method so that they could become more competitive in today’s global world. This tool should be used with a lot of care and responsibility so that the results that will be obtained should be authentic. How to cite Ikea Advertising Appeals, Essay examples

Questions and Answers on Selection Bias Essay Example

Questions and Answers on Selection Bias Essay Most people think that advertising works In general, but that it doesnt not work on them In particular. It works on most people, but It doesnt work on me? What biases might be behind such a belief? This could be related to hindsight bias 2. Explain in your own words, what the continued influence effect is. Give an example, different from the ones used in the book The continued influence effect refers to the way false claims enter someones head and continue to influence their beliefs even after they have been corrected. My friend told me that my brothers girlfriend was cheating on him, so I was inclined to live that she was. Two days later, my friend told me she mistaken for someone elses girlfriend. Even though she told me It wasnt true, I still believed my brother was being cheated on. 3. Give an example of your own experience of where you were likely guilty of a confirmation bias. When I started my new job, a co-woke of mine told me that that one of physiotherapist was extremely rude and arrogant. The first two times that I met him, he spoke very rudely to the employees. A week later, I was alone with the physiotherapist and was really nice to me but I still think he is a hostile person. . cold reading Is when someone tries to convince an audience that they have some kind of psychic power by making a lot of vague ended predictions what role might biases play In leading audience members to believe that the psychic of special power Biases play a major role in leading audience members to believe that the psychic of special power. We will write a custom essay sample on Questions and Answers on Selection Bias specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Questions and Answers on Selection Bias specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Questions and Answers on Selection Bias specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This is an example of confirmation bias most specifically self-fulfilling prophecy. This is happens when ones expectations about another person eventually lead the other person to behave in ways that confirm these expectations. So in the example, the psychic will predict the persons future with vague statement, the person will try to connect to certain things that the psychic says. Then, subconsciously the person will act in a certain way to make these predictions come true. 5. Why Is It a good Idea to see It as a red flag whenever we find ourselves talking surely this person would not be saying something demonstrably false in such a puddle manner This thought should raise a red flag because not necessarily everything that everyone says is going to be the truth. Just because nobody objects to it, doesnt mean that they are right. It could Just mean that the listener doesnt have the type of personality to do so. This is called policing, where someone says something, and the listener knows its wrong, but nobody says anything to correct the speaker. . In the children game broken telephone, a phrase is whispered from one child to another, until it passes through a whole group. Each child tries to repeat the exact phrase that was heard, but in the end, when the last child repeats what he or she just heard, the phrase tends to have changed completely. A story can likewise change significantly upon multiple retelling. What is the primary way in which story telling fifers from broken telephone. What roles leveling and sharpening play in changing the story on retelling? The primary difference between story telling and broken telephone is that in the game broken telephone everyone is trying to repeat the phrase they hear. On the contrary, story telling is a sequence of events that is being told from different point of views. Broken telephone is usually a short phrase, while story telling is much longer and complex. Leveling and sharpening end up changing the original story. Leveling is when the storyteller leaves out details and sharpening is when the reader put emphasis on something that is not important in the story. 7. Explain the purpose of the control group. If a medication is being tested, why is it important that the control group will be given a placebo? The placebo effect is crucial and powerful. People often believe that they are receiving a treatment and in the end think they are being treated without getting the medication. It is the psychological aspect of the medication. The purpose of having two different groups is to compare their reactions in a controlled setting. To add, experimenter bias can be expectations about the outcome are subtly communicated to the participants.

Jurassic Park essays

Jurassic Park essays Jurassic Park is divided into seven sections, each with a quote from Ian Malcolm. He was a mathematician who specialized in the field called chaos theory, which based itself mainly on nonlinear equations. The first section follows the paths of several scenes, where in each one, there is evidence pointing to the appearance of dinosaurs. One of these scenes included in the very beginning, where a man was flown in to a doctor with mortal wounds surrounding his body. One of his last words was "raptor", which meant "bird of prey." Another was when a young girl was bit by a so called lizard, but the lizard fit closely to the description of a dinosaur. The second section ties in with the first one, but now the reader is presented with scientific evidence of living dinosaurs. Here the reader is given a little insight of the background to the situation, as Bob Morris, part of the EPA, reveals information that InGen had three Cray XMP's shipped to Costa Rica, which were very powerful superco mputers, and 24 Hoods, which were automated gene sequencers. Later on, the carcass of a dinosaur, which was found near the sight where the young girl was bit, was sent to a lab to be examined, and it was identified as a Procompsognathus, thought to be extinct for millions of years. The scientists who witnessed the evidence, Ellie Sattler and Alan Grant, both foremost in the fields of paleontology, were soon requested to fly down to a private island off of Costa Rica by John Hammond, founder of InGen. A little later on in the second section, the story unfolds somewhat, when the scene shifts to a meeting of the Biosyn Corporation of Cupertino, where they explain that InGen was cloning dinosaurs. The Biosyn company then hires Lewis Dodgson, an scientists who worked at InGen, to help them steal dinosaur embryo's for them. He starts off toward Costa Rica as Ellie and Grant arrive in Jurassic Park, and get their first glimpses of the dinosaurs. The third section...

John James Audubon - Biography of Painter and Naturalist

John James Audubon - Biography of Painter and Naturalist John James Audubon created a masterpiece of American art, a collection of paintings titled Birds of America published in a series of four enormous volumes from 1827 to 1838. Besides being a remarkable painter, Audubon was a great naturalist, and his visual art and writing helped inspire the conservation movement. Early Life of James John Audubon Audubon was born as Jean-Jacques Audubon on April 26, 1785 in the French colony of Santo Domingo, the illegitimate son of a French naval officer and a French servant girl. After the death of his mother, and a rebellion in Santo Domingo, which became the nation of Haiti, Audubons father took Jean-Jacques and a sister to live in France. Audubon Settled in America In France, Audubon neglected formal studies to spend time in nature, often observing birds. In 1803, when his father became worried that his son would be conscripted into Napoleons army, Audubon was sent to America. His father had purchased a farm outside Philadelphia, and the 18-year-old Audubon was sent to live on the farm. Adopting the Americanized name John James, Audubon adapted to America and lived as a country gentleman, hunting, fishing, and indulging in his passion for observing birds. He became engaged to the daughter of a British neighbor, and soon after marrying Lucy Bakewell the young couple left the Audubon farm to venture into the American frontier. Audubon Failed in Business in America Audubon tried his luck at various endeavors in Ohio and Kentucky, and discovered that he was not suited for a life of business. He later observed that he spent too much time looking at birds to worry about more practical matters. Audubon devoted considerable time to ventures into the wilderness on which he would shoot birds so he could study and draw them. A sawmill business Audubon ran in Kentucky failed in 1819, partly due to the widespread financial crisis known as the Panic of 1819. Aubudon found himself in serious financial trouble, with a wife and two young sons to support. He was able to find some work in Cincinnati doing crayon portraits, and his wife found work as a teacher. Audubon traveled down the Mississippi River to New Orleans, and was soon followed by his wife and sons. His wife found employment as a teacher and governess, and while Audubon devoted himself to what he saw as his true calling, the painting of birds, his wife managed to support the family. A Publisher Was Found In England After failing to interest any American publishers in his ambitious plan to publish a book of paintings of American birds, Audubon sailed to England in 1826. Landing in Liverpool, he managed to impress influential English editors with his portfolio of paintings. Audubon came to be highly regarded in British society as a natural unschooled genius. With his long hair and rough American clothes, he became something of a celebrity. And for his artistic talent and great knowledge of birds he was named a fellow of the Royal Society, Britains leading scientific academy. Audubon eventually met up with an engraver in London, Robert Havell, who agreed to work with him to publish Birds of America. The resulting book, which became known as the double elephant folio edition for the immense size of its pages, was one of the largest books ever published. Each page measured 39.5 inches tall by 29.5 inches wide, so when the book was opened it was more than four feet wide by three feet tall. To produce the book, Audubons images were etched on copper plates, and the resulting printed sheets were colored by artists to match Audubons original paintings. Birds of America Was a Success During the production of the book Audubon returned to the United States twice to collect more bird specimens and sell subscriptions for the book. Eventually the book was sold to 161 subscribers, who paid $1,000 for what eventually became four volumes. In total, Birds of America contained 435 pages featuring more than 1,000 individual paintings of birds. After the lavish double elephant folio edition was finished, Audubon produced a smaller and much more affordable edition which sold very well and brought Audubon and his family a very good income. Audubon Lived Along the Hudson River With the success of Birds of America, Audubon purchased a 14-acre estate along the Hudson River north of New York City. He also wrote a book titled Ornithological Biography containing detailed notes and descriptions about the birds which appeared in Birds of America. Ornithological Biography was another ambitious project, eventually stretching into five volumes. It contained not only material on birds but accounts of Audubons many travels on the American frontier. He recounted stories about meetings with such characters as an escaped slave and the famed frontiersman Daniel Boone. Audubon Painted Other American Animals In 1843 Audubon set off on his last great expedition, visiting the western territories of the United States so he could paint American mammals. He traveled from St. Louis to the Dakota territory in the company of buffalo hunters, and wrote a book which became known as the Missouri Journal. Returning to the east, Audubons health began to decline, and he died at his estate on the Hudson on January 27, 1851. Audubons widow sold his original paintings for Birds of America to the New York Historical Society for $2,000. His work has remained popular, having been published in countless books and as prints. The paintings and writings of John James Audubon helped inspire the conservation movement, and one of the foremost conservation groups, The Audubon Society, was named in his honor. Editions of Birds of America remain in print to this day, and original copies of the double elephant folio fetch high prices on the art market. Sets of the original edition of Birds of America have sold for as much as $8 million.

Statement of Cash Flows Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Statement of Cash Flows - Assignment Example Creditors can also use this statement to establish the credit worthiness of a company within a particular period. A firm with a healthy cash flow is characterized by the cash generated from operating activities (Needles & Powers, 2013). Even though income statements and balance sheets are used to establish a firm’s performance and heath (Harrison, Horngren, & Thomas, 2013), it is still imperative that firms prepare the statement of cash flow. For instance, shareholders need the statement of cash flows to check the adequacy of cash flow as a sign of the firm’s ability to pay dividends and expand its operations. Cash flow statement is used for short and long-term financial planning since it explains the reasons for a deficit or surplus in a firm’s liquidity position at the end of a particular period (Harrison, Horngren, & Thomas, 2013). Furthermore, a cash flow statement is mainly based on the actual cash concept; thus it is a critical tool for liquidity analysis of a company (Rich, Jones, Mowen, & Hansen, 2013). Users of the company’s annual financial reports can get a glance of the liquidity position of the company by looking at the statement of cash flows. This statement also helps in s treamlining a company’s internal financial management by providing information on the cash flow analysis of the company. Finally, the cash flow statement assists users of the annual financial report to examine the relationship between profitability, profits and the net cash flows of the company for a particular period (Mohana,

American Sci-fi Films of the 1990s Research Paper

American Sci-fi Films of the 1990s - Research Paper Example At this point, we saw more realistic and even more grandiose computer-generated images on our movie screens. The digital world made the impossible possible and exemplified the reality that anything and everything can now be translated to the big screen (Hall and Neale, 253). Since everything can be done in computers, what was previously ‘unfilmable’ was now a distinct possibility for many filmmakers. Through digital technology, battles in space through the film ‘Starship Troopers’ became a much more realistic fare and floating on air became less of a wire-controlled exercise in the movie ‘The Matrix.’ The themes for most science fiction movies however, for the most part, retained elements of violence seen in earlier science fiction movies. Violence in these movies is in its bigger picture. It is important to note that the 1990s also signify the post Cold War period, and yet, the threats of smart bombs and high technology weaponry very much grace these 90s movies (Rukeyser, 45). We also see the media spectacles of the Gulf Wars translated in movies, and later, that of the war on terrorism. â€Å"The Cold War may be over and the threat of a nuclear war lessened, but in both the fantasies of science fiction film and the â€Å"reality† of the news, violence is in our face – enhanced and perfected with military and media technology, but violence nonetheless† (Rukeyser, 45). These new avenues for entertainment have taken on more picturesque images in film and the popularity of such films has grown even more. As the violence has evolved throughout the years, the darker and more violent image of the future have also been seen in these films. These darker and more violent depictions highlight the post-apocalytic images of the future, easily brought to life in the screen through computer-generated visual effects (Cornea, 161). These futuristic images are apparent in the movies, ‘The Matrix’, ‘ Johnny Mnemonic’, ‘The Lawnmower Man’ series, and ‘The Net.’ These movies also portray the fact that the violence and the darkness is not just in our surroundings or our environment, but they are also in us. Through these depictions the science fiction genre now exemplifies how the current reality can be thrown off guard and can be differentiated from our realistic experience of the world (Bould, 139). On a positive note, these movies seek to present a postmodernist view of the world, a rejection of all things modern and how such technological developments have ran rampant over the world and over our lives. To a certain extent, even as they utilize the modern technologies introduced in recent years, these same technologies are also depicted for the problems they have and will bring to humanity (Lopez, 137). ‘The Matrix’ movies especially show how technology has led to more problems and issues. These problems and issues created by technol ogy lend support to the importance of returning to the past and the traditional way of doing things (Rukeyser, 46). They present opposing views on modernism, portraying modernism as one which can potentially be more trouble than it is worth. The 1990s science fiction movies use different modern functions and powers. They often bring together opposing elements. In other words, science fiction is a double-edged sword (Schummer, 142). In effect, it can sometimes be rational and emotional, and it sometimes coordinates the secular and the scientific

The communication quality between doctor and foreign patient

The communication quality between doctor and foreign patient 1. Introduction While traveling is getting easier and migration is taking place frequently, cultural differences and communication problems have emerged as a new problem of today. The most important case communication is inevitable for a non-speaker of the native language is being a patient. Some undesirable outcomes may occur if the patient can not give the correct information. With the recent migrations in the western countries such as Germany, France, USA, Canada, UK, Holland the number of non-speakers of the native language has become noteworthy. In Turkey, there is also an increase in the number of foreign patients with the real estate sales to the foreigners in the places such as Antalya and Bodrum. On the other hand, highly qualified healthcare professionals and competitive pricing increased the share of health tourism in the whole tourism income (http://www.medicaltourisminturkey.org). On the ground of the importance of communication, according to various resources, 80% of the medical mistakes are caused by giving incorrect information [13,8]. Having gained more and more importance recently, foreign patient-doctor communication and the gaps it has, will be evaluated with the view of knowledge management, and finally, the method developed to prevent the incorrect information translation will be introduced. 2. Literature Review Foreign patients do not know the local language and therefore the language of the doctor is analyzed in detail. [1,2,10,14] In the basis of this study, lies the increase in the number of the non-speakers of the language of migrated country. For example in USA, 18% of people older than 5 years speak another language at their home (U.S. Census Bureau 2002: QT-P16, cited in Lee 2003:3). This information takes place in the article of Alexander and friends (2009) that contains interesting data about the non-speakers of native language: â€Å"In Geneva, Switzerland, 43% of the population is foreign born and about 25% of the population speaks a language other than French at home.† 2.1. Culture Edward Tylors definition is cited as the first definition of culture[15]. Tylor(1903/1988) defines as â€Å"culture or civilization, taken in its wide ethnographic sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society†.As one of the famous authors who has decoded the most about his studies on culture, Hofstede (2005:4) defines culture as â€Å"the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another†. According to these definitions, language is critical for both underlined words. â€Å"Capabilities† are built by interpretation of language. â€Å"Collective programming of mind† programming codes are generated by language. We can say that culture is created by language. The effects of culture on health care are similar to those of language. For example in Turkey (strong uncertainty avoidance and collectivist culture) women are willing to be consulted to a woman obstetrician ( H2 hospital Director of Quality Department), in USA (weak uncertainty avoidance and individualist ) there is no such problems. According Collins et al. (2002, cited in Lee 2003:5): â€Å"Effective communication between patient and doctor is critical to good medical outcomes.† So a woman patient form a different culture may affect the medical outcomes. In literature, several paper [2,6] use language and culture interchangeable but in this paper we will use the language as creator of culture. 2.2. Developed Methods To Pass Trough The Language Barrier Information transfer (communication) between a patient and a doctor is generated in two ways. If the patient and the doctor speak the same language and their cultures are close to each other the transfer is established directly. If there are differences in the language and the culture of patient and doctor, a proxy is used. Followings are the proxies developed in the situation if the patients do not know the local language: Going to hospital with a friend or relative who knows local language and using him or her as translator. -In the deep interviews done with medical sector workers, most of the foreigners live in Turkey use this method, but if the friend or relative in the role of translator does not know the local language so much then some problems may emerge. Interpreter establishes the communication between patient and doctor. -This method is specially used in private health care enterprises in Turkey. Because of cost, increasing effects, interpreters are not chosen by patients who have no good economic welfare. In many countries the language requirements of interpreters are not defined, and non-medical professional interpreters are used widely. In the study of Karliner et al.(2007) â€Å"professional interpreters are associated with improved clinical care more than is use of ad hoc interpreters, and professional interpreters appear to increase the quality of clinical care for limited English proficiency(LEP) patients to approach or equal that for patient without language barriers.† Also many studies showed that professional interpreters who do not know the culture of the patient may offend the patient and the patient may lose confidence [3] .- Translation of those who are not medical staff -This type of translation is more common among immigrants. Because of large numbers of Turks living in Germany, it is quite probable to find non-medical staff that knows Turkish in the hospital.- If the medical staff knows foreign language. -The manager of public hospital and the managers of H1 and H2 hospitals said that the most important communication problem of medical sector is medical staffs without foreign language.- In these studies low content rates of the patients can be seen. The most satisfactory method is bilingual staff and the least one is translation of relatives/friends of the patient. 3. Data and Method The aim of this paper is to improve communication quality between doctor and foreign patient. The research question is How can we improve the communication quality between doctor and foreign patient? Yin (1994) defined a case study as â€Å"an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context, especially when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident.† Kohn(1997) states that â€Å"Yin suggests the methodology may actually be more powerful for explanatory purposes in its ability to answer questions of how and why†. In this paper by the definition of case study methods and the structure of the research question. Semi-structured interviews and observations are used for data collection and case study method is used for analyzing data. 3.1. Selecting Cases In Turkey there are 5 types of hospital. H1 private and multi branch, H2 private unique branch, H3 private, multi branch and foundation supported ,H4 public hospital, H5 university hospital. Cluster sampling method is used because population is heterogeneous. The population is first divided into separate groups of elements which is called as clusters, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5. A sampling from the hospitals in service in different cities, eager to provide data and known as the best in their cluster, is generated. As some hospitals demanded during the negotiations, the clusters they belong to are mentioned instead of their names. Table 3 -Hospital Characteristics in each Cluster Cluster Total Staff (approximately) Total Branch Is there a department for foreign patient? Informant H1 7500 17 Y Hospital Director(M.D), Professor of PhysicalMedicine andRehabilitation H2 450 1 N Director of Quality Department, Head of Nursing Department, Emergency Doctor(M.D), Emergency Nurse, Senior Staff of Public Relation H3 800 4 N Medical Director(M.D), Manager of Human Resources H4 1600 1 N Head of Nursing Department, Emergency Doctor(M.D), Emergency Nurse, H5 More than 10.000 1 N Emergency Doctor1(M.D), Emergency Doctor2(M.D), 3.2. Problems with patients who do not know Turkish In some regions of Turkey, there are people who do not know the native language. We see that usually a relative or a friend of the patient help the communication as a translator (H1 Professor of PhysicalMedicine andRehabilitation). During the deep interviews with H3 Medical Director, he says: â€Å"Citizens from the eastern region of our country, and immigrants from Iraq, Afghanistan, and Africa come to hospital when they are ill, with a relative or a friend of them; and we intervene the patients with the translation of these people.† The process goes on in two ways for the non-citizen patients. If the patient can speak English; as the public relations, nurses or the doctor can, the communication is established with the help of staff. But if the patient speaks a language other than the staff can do, then a translator is required. Hospital Director in H1 hospital stated that: â€Å"The number of our foreign patients that become ill in Turkey is less than the patients that was ill before coming to Turkey. We sent our doctors to other countries and enable them to meet doctors working in clinics and hospitals. In the next step, foreign doctor sends his/her patient to us. Before the patient arrives, we get the tests and diagnosis applied to the patient. We meet the patient at the airport and accommodate the patient according to his/her economic welfare. All the transportation and other needs of the patient are met by our department established for this purpose. Taking into consideration the countries most foreign patients come from, we employ that staffs who know their language. Because the number of foreign patients in H1 hospital is more than other private and public hospitals, many applications were developed in accordance with the needs. For example, if the patient gets lost anywhere in the hospital and shows the card given to him/her to any hospital employee the problem is solved. â€Å"In the frame of JCI accreditation, the patients and employee are not asked to identify themselves according to their room number. For the probability of being lost in the hospital mostly used sentences takes place in Turkish and in the language of the patient. When patient shows his or her need in own language, the Turkish translation takes place under it then the communication is established.† In H2, H3, H4, H5 hospitals, patients usually come after they get ill in Turkey. Quality manager of H2 hospital: â€Å"Our patients usually come us after an illness in Turkey or according to the recommendation of their acquaintance who were satisfied from our service. Among our patients, there is a group which establishes contact with us before they come to examination and shows the previous cure documents, and the other group comes without any plan or foreknowledge.† In 2007 the distribution of the foreign patients came to H2 hospital is as follows: Many demographic features of the patients are: 64% are men and 36% women. 52% paid cash, 26% used assurance and 21% cured for free by the hospital. Foreign patient level in all hospitals is about 1%. If we consider the graphic which Hofstede(2005:191) has drawn according to the cultures of the countries; The patients coming to H2 hospital take place in all four areas. These patients took service in 15 different departments. In communication with these patients, proxies were used. In 2007 H1 hospitals foreign patients came from 69 different countries such as Afghanistan, Argentina, Germany, Angola, Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia, UK, USA, Canada, Finland, Czech Republic, India, Iraq, Iran, Vietnam, Uruguay shortly all quadrants of Hofstedes culture dimentions. In literature LEP (limited English proficiency) concept is used but limited Turkish proficiency, limited Arabic proficiency, limited Chinese proficiency are also problem. When we look at the problems about the culture and language, the cases in USA and Europe countries are common for all countries and should be solved in all countries. In mostly used method, using proxy, the main problem is the transfer of the knowledge. Knowledge changes while transferring from one place to another, so knowledge can not be transferred but translated. For example; in communication with simultaneous translation the question of Turk doctor â€Å"Neyin var?† is translated as â€Å"what is wrong?†or â€Å"obligation† word is used. But the purpose here is to ask â€Å"What seems your chief complaint today?† In the article of Holden et al(2004) which includes usual examples, the following part takes place: â€Å"For example, Japanese speakers of English are influenced by the notions of politeness. Rather than categorically refusing a request, Japanese might say: ‘Ill think about it (which means â€Å"there is no way I am going to do anything about it.; or, often with a great sucking of breath between clenched teeth: ‘Thats very difficult, meaning that something is a sheer impossibility.† 3.3. Specific Situation Patient Name : Y.S. Year : 2008 Age : 48 Nationality : Greece â€Å"The patient comes to Bursa because of the dead of a friend of him. He goes to emergency with stomach ache. He is alone. The patient speaks English and Greek. After he turns to information desk, he is taken to the emergency doctor. The emergency doctor knows only Turkish. A professional interpreter is called. Patient tells the interpreter that when he first comes to the emergency he could not express himself to the hospital employee and he needs immediate cure. In addition, he says that he was depressed even before the therapy and if he didnt have to, he would not come to a Turkish doctor.†(Interpreter, H2 hospital Emergency Doctor(M.D), Emergency Nurse, Senior Staff of Public Relation) As we can understand from these expressions the patient has a negative point of view against Turkey because of the dreary events between Turkey and Greece in the past. This point of view is considered as a code given form the society he lived since his childhood [18] As the patient has to wait despite the emergency, he uses accusatory expressions. He says that â€Å"the doctor in the emergency is young and inexperienced†. That the translator is easy-going and that he mentions the negative behaviors of the patient after the examination has been an important factor in the success of the treatment. â€Å"After the therapy blood test and abdominal USG are demanded. Then gastroenteritis is diagnosed and his prescription was filled.† (Emergency Doctor) â€Å"After making a good bargain, patient lowers the price and pays in cash.†(H2 Director of Quality Department) Because of the proximity of a less individualist society and relatively low prices in Turkey, the patients says that he also has a tooth ache and wants to see the therapy room for teeth. After seeing the room he takes a tooth therapy, as well. 4. Solution In this article we stated that knowledge is translated not transferred. Culler(1982) states that â€Å"every understanding is a misunderstanding.†[4]. If every understanding is a misunderstanding then communication between different cultures using different proxies is a distorted understanding. To establish the communication in mother language gains importance. â€Å"Communication between physicians and patients is fundamental for medical care.†(Joos et al.1996, cited in Lee et al. 2003). The solutions are developed in a way that the patients take less time of the proxies. Physician reads the report in his/her own language both audibly and visually, and may also provide videos and audios in the language of the patient[5,19]. The method developed in the scope of this article is a little more different. Native speaker doctors prepared the questions for diagnosis in their own language as well as the answers to such questions. Until the diagnosis the patient chooses the questions in own language then physician and patient gets the printouts in their own languages. The forgotten point in the developed audio and video based system is, while answering physicians question without the system patient uses own language and physician does not understand. Videos are important in one-way communication as giving information about how the test will be done like as urine test. How can we solve communication problems between foreign patient and doctor? Can XML be a solution? XML is defined by the W3C: â€Å"Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a simple, very flexible text format .Originally designed to meet the challenges of large-scale electronic publishing, XML is also playing an increasingly important role in the exchange of a wide variety of data on the Web and elsewhere† (http://www.w3.org/XML) We can use xml for information transfer from one language to another one. We use transfer because native speaker doctors prepared the questions for diagnosis in their own language as well as the answers to such questions. Foreign patient and doctor use software in their own language, culture and words. Foreign patient and doctor information transfer process can be modeled as below: Both foreign patient and the doctor can see every question in their native language and culture. 4.1. Software This software can support all languages. When we add a new language program XML file is extending. When we add a new language it will be located in this section: en de tr fr new language code I have only migraine data for testing software in Turkish, French, German and English languages. Lets think that our doctor is a Turk and patient is a French native speaker. Doctor select question in his/her native language â€Å"Ã…Å ¸ikayetiniz nedir?† and patient see this question in his native language â€Å"Quest ce quil vous arrive ?†. CultureStr for doctor is â€Å"tr† and for patient is â€Å"fr†. If we add a new language this section will be extend. and . Screen shot: 5. Conclusion Translations done by ad hoc interpreters and professional interpreters who does not know patients culture are equivalent according to the transfer of the knowledge but are not equal. Because of this, these are the translation of knowledge rather than transfer of knowledge. Our solution can be a solution for knowledge transfer problems and limited all language proficiency. What we need is only questions for every complaint, what doctor are asking to their patients. It is not easy but if we do this, a visit to a foreign country will be much safe and a patient will have a chance to chose his/her doctor in which country he/she wishes. Every understanding may be a misunderstanding because what we understand may be different from what is said by others. We understand equivalent of what said by others, not equal. By this project we are trying to extend understanding. As we mentioned before according to varied resources 80% of the medical mistakes are caused by wrong information (wrong information transfer). If we extend enough equivalent it will be nearly equal, at this point medical mistakes will decrease. 6. Acknowledgement We gratefully acknowledge the support of Yalà §Ãƒâ€žÃ‚ ±n Aytek ÃÅ"stà ¼ndaÄÅ ¸, Asst. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Erà §ek, Didem Parlak, Ä °smail Cahit Gà ¶rmez, Asst. Prof. Dr. Melike Ã…Å ¾ahiner, Asst. Prof. Dr. Ã…Å ¾ule ÃÆ'-ncà ¼l, Prof. Dr. Zeynep Gà ¼ven, Dr. Demet Dinà §, Dr. ÃÆ'-mer AydÄ ±n, Dr. ÃÅ"nal Egeli, Senem Kayas, Dr. Suna YÄ ±ldÄ ±rÄ ±m and Onur Uslu. 7. References [1] Alexander B., Perneger TV., Bovier PA., Loutan L., and Stalder H. Improving communication between physicians and patients who speak a foreign landuage. British Journal of General Practice 2003: 53: 541-546 [2] Alexander B. and Hudelson P. Communicating With Foreign Language- Speaking Patients: Is Access to Professional Interpreters Enough? Journal of Travel Medicine 2009: 1-6 [3] Collins KS., Hughes DL., Doty MM., Ives BL., Edwards JN., and Tenney K. Diverse Communities, Common Concerns: Assessing Health Care Quality for Minority Americans. Findings from the Commonwealth Fund 2001 Health Care Quality Survey. New York: Commonwealth Fund. [4] Culler J. On Deconstruction, New York: Cornel University Press 1982. [5] Galvez E and Stronks A (2007) â€Å"Hospitals, Language, and Culture† Joint Commusion International(http://www.jointcommission.org/NR/rdonlyres/E64E5E89-5734-4D1D-BB4D-C4ACD4BF8BD3/0/hlc_paper.pdf Last accessed Agust 2009) [6] Gale DD. Cultural Sensitivity Beyond Ethnicity: A Universal Precautions Model. The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice 2006:4(1):1-5 [7] Holden NJ. and Kortzfleisch HFOV. Why Cross- Cultural Knowledge Transfer is a Form of Translation in More Ways Than You Think. Knowledge and Process Management 2004: 11(2): 127-136 [8] Joint Commition International. http://www.jointcommission.org/SentinelEvents/SentinelEventAlert/sea_25.htm Last accessed: June 2008 [9] Joos SK., Hickam DH., Gordon GH., and Baker LH. 1996. Effects of Physician Communication Intervention on Patient Care Outcomes. Journal of General Internal Medicine 11(3): 147:155 [10] Karliner LS.,JAcops AE, Chen AH and Mutha S. Do Professional Interpreters Improve Clinical Care for Patients with Limited English Profeciency? A Systematic Review of the Literature. Health Service Research 2007: 42(2): 727-754 [11] Kohn LT. Methods in Case Study Analysis( Panel discussion conducted at the 1996 meeting of the Association for Health Services Research) 1997. [12] Lee SM. A Review of Language and Other Communication Barriers in Health Care. Office of Public Health and Science 2003. [13] Packard, C.Finding Links between Healthcare Safety, Communication, and Cultural Norms and Assumptions. Carle Selected Papers 2009 Vol.50 No.2 : 55-58 (http://www.carleconnect.com/CSP/CSP%20Fall_Winter%2007/13.Packard.pdf Last accessed Agust 2009) [14] Perloff RM., Bonder B., Ray GB., and Ray EB. Doctor-Patient Communication, Cultural Competence, and Minority Health. American Behavioral Scientist 2006: 49(6): 835-852 [15] Vatrapu R., and Suthers D. â€Å"Culture and Computers: A Review of the Concept of Culture and Implications for Intercultural Collaborative Online Learning. IWIC 2007: 260-275 [16] Hofstede G. And Hofstede GJ. Cultures and Organizations Software of the Mind. McGraw-Hill. 2005 [17] Yin, R.K.Case Study Research, Design and Methods, 2nd ed. Newbury Park, Sage Publications, 1994. [18] Hostede G.and Hofstede GJ. Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2005. [19] http://pgsi.com (Last accessed Agust 2009) 8. Corresponding Author Serkan Tà ¼rkeli, AcÄ ±badem University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Healthcare Management, Istanbul, Maltepe, Turkey,Tel:(0090) 505 488 84 45, Fax:(0090) 216 589 84 85 E-Mail:[emailprotected], Web:www.nasnim.com/serkanturkeli

Man’s Evil Nature in “Lord of the Flies” by Golding Essay

When young boys are abandoned on an uninhabited island without adults, even they are capable of murder. This is the scenario depicted in the British author, William Goldings novel, Lord of the Flies, written and published in 1954 during World War 2. Comparing the characters of Jack, Ralph, Piggy and Simon with Freud’s theory of id, ego and superego, one can prove that man has an underlying evil nature. The characters are represented with Jack as id, Ralph as ego, and Piggy and Simon as superego. Freud’s theory of id, ego and superego influences the spheres of ones being. The id represents violence, and the drive to kill. The id is the desire to hurt others, and to dominate. In contrast the ego persuades one to make actions that make one’s actions acceptable by others around them. It also controls the need for acceptance and the need to be in control. Though different, the superego lies within one’s spirituality and need for order. It values rules, and commandments. Jack as id, represents the carnal drives in man. He illustrates this through painting his face. By painting his face, Jack suppresses his ego and superego, causing Jack to be capable of acts of violence without having any repercussions. Jack portrays this violence in different ways. First, Jack enjoys hunting because he gets to kill pigs. Often, in Lord of the Flies, Jack is consumed by killing pigs, and desires nothing more. The drive to kill rules his thoughts. In Jacks statement †We’re strong-we hunt! If there’s a beast we’ll hunt it down. We’ll close in and beat and beat and beat-†(83), he demonstrates his carnal desire to hint and kill. Next, Jack also strove to control others. He would even resort to torture, †What d’ you mean by it, eh?’ said the chief (Jack) forcefully ‘What d’ you mean coming with spears? What d’ you mean by not joining my tribe?’ The prodding became rhythmic. Sam yelled.'(166). The desire to kill is what proves that Jack has an evil nature, and the fact that he came from a civilized society shows that anyone can become like him. Ralph displayed himself as being ego through his need for acceptance and his leadership. Ralph’s need for acceptance is so strong that he would even go as far as to insult an other so all the boys would like him, and see him as  fitting in. An example of this is when Ralph said †He’s not Fatty,’ cried Ralph ‘his real name’s Piggy!†(20) when he had promised Piggy earlier that he would tell no one else his name is Piggy. Ralph’s desire to be one among the crowd made him stoop so low as to insult and hurt another, just so he could look better. When Ralph begins to fall away from the group, he begins to lose all his leadership. Often times Ralph would forget all the important things he would need to remember to become chief, and start to digress to savagery, just so he could be with the group. With Ralph’s need for acceptance and loss in leadership power, it is apparent that even he was naturally evil. Piggy and Simon were the representations of superego. Piggy’s need for rules and Simon’s mysticism both suggested that superego was the largest influencing force in their lives. Piggy would often try to set up rules, and other tools of civilization to create order. Without that order, Piggy knew that there would be no hope in there situation. He proved this need for rules with his need to take names, ‘Piggy moved among the crowd, asking names and frowning to remember them.'(17). Different from Piggy, Simon had a strange quality of mysticism about him. He had an understanding about the nature of the beast that no one else had. He illustrated this understanding when he had this vision, †Fancy thinking the Beast was something that you could hunt and kill!’ said the head. For a moment or two the forest and all the other dimly appreciated places echoed with the parody of laughter. ‘You knew, didn’t you? I’m part of you? Close, close, close! I’m the reason why it’s no go? Why things are what they are?†(130). With Piggy’s need for rules and Simon’s understanding of the nature of the Beast it is apparent that they both had the capabilities of the same savagery as the other boys. Through Freud’s theory of id, ego, and superego, it is apparent that man does have an underlying evil nature in the novel Lord of the Flies. Jack, Ralph, Piggy, and Simon each display these aspects of man’s evil nature, and also prove that if it can happen to  them that it can happen to anyone. Young children are typically thought of as more pure and innocent that those more experienced in the world. If they are  capable of such acts, it is sad to think what the rest of the world is capable of.

Cause Of The Great Depression What Reagan Doesn t Know...

This paper will present a brief summary and discussion of the causes of the Great Depression based on Frank Stricker s paper, Causes of the Great Depression: or What Reagan doesn t know about the 1920s. Stricker presents an argument as to what he believes to be the root causes of the Great Depression as they relate to the decade preceding the stock market crash of 1929. This review is intended for undergraduate and graduate students of U.S. American History. Stricker present s several essential points in his paper. The capitalist form of economy, by its nature, has an insatiable appetite for ever-increasing profits. During the 1920 s profits were high, yet income distribution was unequal (95). The only real benefactors were†¦show more content†¦Big business was sinking big money in loans to speculators because loan returns usually exceeded gains made by reinvesting in their own businesses. However, the confidence ended suddenly and sellers began significantly outnumbering b uyers. As profits and savings declined from the resulting low stock prices, both speculators and big business cut back on investments and focused on paying off old debts, thus the market fell in 1929 (108). Stricker also argues that the problem relates to the Government s fooling itself on the true unemployment rates and the health of the market. The published government estimates of unemployment were 2.2 to 5 percent. Stricker proposes that the numbers were far higher, 7.5 to 12 percent (102). Additionally, the impact of low-income growth may not have been fully appreciated. Based on the low growth of income for the average laborer (2.8 percent over the period 1924-1929) this equated, as discussed in this paper, to a 4 percent decline in income over the same period (104). Little of the benefits of rising productivity went to wages - though corporate profits rose 35 percent during the decade (101). Stricker s paper Causes of the Great Depression: or What Reagan doesn t know ab out the 1920 s, presents a convincing argument to the real causes of the Great Depression. He presents a handful of interrelated issues that worked in concert withShow MoreRelatedEvil Disney, Research Response to Henry Giroux5383 Words   |  22 Pagessociological and socio political ideologies are embedded into their products and how they affect children, but very few ask why Disney would place hidden ideologies in their movies/shows. What reasons would Disney have to program children with outdated morals while trying desperately to uphold a model image of innocence? What practices has the disney corporation practiced that some would consider immoral or even illegal? To answer these questions the following issues must be explored in more depth: The historyRead MoreInside the Meltdown49737 Words   |  199 PagesSHEILA BAIR ... FDIC [Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.], established 75 years ago in the Great Depression. ... How does it feel being head of FDIC during another grand crisis? It s a very important place to be right now. We re getting a lot of media attention, and I think that s positive because I think the FDIC is all about public confidence. That s how we maintain the stability with people having confidence in our brand and our insurance guarantee, and I think we ve done that fairly successfullyRead MoreGender Pay Gap14271 Words   |  58 PagesKeyword | * FULL REPORT * Introduction * Overview * Background * Current Situation * Outlook * Pro/Con * Chronology * Short Features * Maps/Graphs * Bibliography * The Next Step * Contacts * Footnotes * About the Author * * Comments | Gender Pay Gap | Are women paid fairly in the workplace? | March 14, 2008 †¢ Volume 18, Issue 11 | By Thomas J. Billitteri Introduction Former Goodyear manager Lilly Ledbetter won more than $3 million in a pay-discrimination

Essay on Faith and Reason - 2144 Words

Faith and reason were two modes of belief that dominated the history of Western Civilization. Both faith and reason were popularized as tools to understand the universe in Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian eras. By conflicting with each other, these two modes of belief sparked a lot of controversy. Reason or rationality is belief based on concrete evidence and logic. The development of one’s reason relies heavily on observation and questioning. Greco-Roman philosophers believed in the power of the human mind to understand the world. So in order to find ultimate truth, Greco-Roman philosophers dedicated their lives to perfecting their reasoning skills and encouraged those around them to do the same. Contradictory to reason, faith is the†¦show more content†¦Socrates’ journey conveys an important aspect of living a life in accordance with reason: questioning. Questioning is a key aspect of reasoning because by doing so, one is challenging something that is commonly accepted. Socrates was against self-proclaimed wisdom. Though accused of corrupting the youth, Socrates wanted to dispel any misinterpretation of his intentions. Socrates wanted to emphasize the importance of questioning to acquire knowledge. Another example of reason in the Greco-Roman culture is Seneca’s Letters to Lucilius. In this letter, Seneca argued that the only way to live a truly happy life was through having perfect reason. â€Å"Now if we agreed on this point, it is natural that we shall be agreed on the following also—namely, that the happy life depends upon this and this alone: our attainment of perfect reason.† Letters to Lucilius demonstrates Greeks’ reliance on reason as a means to achieve true happiness. Not only was reason important to the Greeks because it helped them achieve happiness, but it was also important because it was a quality that made them superior to animals. 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